Crisis is an inspirable part of today’s organizations and societies. Crisis is not an unusual and rare specification in societies, it has moved inside the society. All organization everyday are affected from small and large crisis, therefore managers should be ready to face with this crisis. They should understand that their organization must be safe of crisis. The aim of this research is finding deep and correct concept of crisis and its stages and also the public relations principles and communication with media through crisis.More over in this essay we try to explain crisis management, effective elements on organizational crisis, characteristics of crisis management and general crisis management, organizational crisis and etc.Also this essay has insisted on making crisis relation plan, the negative effects of crisis, methodology of crisis management, the crisis relations principles, and crisis law and media duties in crisis.

Given the difference between knowledge strategy and knowledge management strategy, this study analyzes and compares knowledge strategy and knowledge management strategy research. This study is a descriptive-scientific approach that uses co-word and social network analysis techniques. The research community is the scientific studies of the knowledge strategy and knowledge management strategy in the WOS. Histcite, Excel, and Gephi software were used to analyze the data and VOS viewer to draw the maps. The United States and China have the highest production in the fields of knowledge strategy and knowledge management strategy. Bratiano and Birli have the highest production and citations in the field of knowledge strategy, and Hansen, Neuchrea and Tierney have the highest production and citations in the field of knowledge management strategy. The business economy has contributed the most to the production of studies in both fields. Padua University has the largest participation in both fields. The keywords of the knowledge strategy constitute 5 clusters and the knowledge management strategy constitute 8 clusters. There are 534 common keywords in the thematic clusters of these two fields. The growth trend of scientific production of two fields is ascending and more products and citations in the field of knowledge management strategy show more attention of researchers to this field. The field of information science has more participation in research productions of knowledge strategy than the field of computer science.

In knowledge management study, knowledge management strategy and knowledge strategy are new and innovative concepts which are not often the focuses of projects carried out in the country. Therefore the present study intends to study and clarify the necessities, functions and models related to these two concepts and their differences in organizations. This is a library based research and the method of note taking has been used in collection of data from internet, books, Persian and English scientific articles and theses related to this research. In this article after the statement of the problem and the significant of the problem, knowledge management strategy and knowledge strategy, using first hand resources were studied. The research results indicate that despite the differences between the nature and the function of these two concepts, the organizations need to develop separately their knowledge management strategy and knowledge strategy to carry out knowledge management projects. Knowledge management strategy is based on the categorization of knowledge into explicit and implicit knowledge. The knowledge strategy explains the type of knowledge, extent, type of sources and ways organization used to support the strategic planning.

Multi-label classification aims at assigning more than one label to each instance. Many real-world multi-label classification tasks are high dimensional, leading to reduced performance of traditional classifiers. Feature selection is a common approach to tackle this issue by choosing prominent features. Multi-label feature selection is an NP-hard approach, and so far, some swarm intelligence-based strategies and have been proposed to find a near optimal solution within a reasonable time. In this paper, a hybrid intelligence algorithm based on the binary algorithm of particle swarm optimization and a novel local search strategy has been proposed to select a set of prominent features. To this aim, features are divided into two categories based on the extension rate and the relationship between the output and the local search strategy to increase the convergence speed. The first group features have more similarity to class and less similarity to other features, and the second is redundant and less relevant features. Accordingly, a local operator is added to the particle swarm optimization algorithm to reduce redundant features and keep relevant ones among each solution. The aim of this operator leads to enhance the convergence speed of the proposed algorithm compared to other algorithms presented in this field. Evaluation of the proposed solution and the proposed statistical test shows that the proposed approach improves different classification criteria of multi-label classification and outperforms other methods in most cases. Also in cases where achieving higher accuracy is more important than time, it is more appropriate to use this method.

Fungal and fungal-like diseases impose a great impact on crops annually, and fungicide-based plant protection is sometimes inevitable for efficient, economic and large-scale crop production. Regardless the long time and huge money investments to develop a new fungicide, the risk of resistance, especially to systemic fungicides, threatens the effectiency of these compounds. Today, due to the excludings of fungicides, not only from resistance, but increasingly from environmental and health concerns, the number of fungicides with different modes of action has become very restricted. Therefore, research and efforts to access fungicides with different modes of action, continuous population monitoring for fungicide resistance, finding the new resistance mechanisms and getting preventing strategies are of the most important parts for sustainable and economic fungal disease management.

The main goal of every research project is to generate and develop science to enhance efficiency and effectiveness. Research in management is a systematic field of research on organization seeking effective actions to improve the efficiency in organization and to solve its problems As other fields of research, the strategies of qualitative research in this field are categorized based on the two dimensions of philosophy of science (positivism and social structuralism) and human philosophy (voluntarism and determinism). These strategies are social surveys, case studies, operational research and grounded research. Studying the research projects conducted based on these methods help researchers understand better the process of qualitative research.